Emile or On Education is a treatise on the nature of education and on the nature of man written by Jean-Jacques Rousseau who considered it to be the "best and most important" of all his writings. Due to a section of the book entitled "Profession of Faith of the Savoyard Vicar" Emile was banned in Paris and Geneva and was publicly burned in 1762 the year of its first publication. During the French Revolution Emile served as the inspiration for what became a new national system of education.

The text is divided into five books: the first three are dedicated to the child Emile the fourth to an exploration of the adolescent and the fifth to outlining the education of his female counterpart Sophie as well as to Emile's domestic and civic life.